Frequently asked questions

import { 
function readFileSync(path: PathOrFileDescriptor, options?: {
    encoding?: null | undefined;
    flag?: string | undefined;
} | null): Buffer (+2 overloads)
Returns the contents of the path.
For detailed information, see the documentation of the asynchronous version of
this API: 
{@link 
readFile
}
.
If the encoding option is specified then this function returns a
string. Otherwise it returns a buffer.
Similar to 
{@link 
readFile
}
, when the path is a directory, the behavior of fs.readFileSync() is platform-specific.
import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';

// macOS, Linux, and Windows
readFileSync('<directory>');
// => [Error: EISDIR: illegal operation on a directory, read <directory>]

//  FreeBSD
readFileSync('<directory>'); // => <data>
@sincev0.1.8
@parampath filename or file descriptorreadFileSync } from 'node:fs';
import { function fileURLToPath(url: string | URL, options?: FileUrlToPathOptions): string
This function ensures the correct decodings of percent-encoded characters as
well as ensuring a cross-platform valid absolute path string.
import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';

const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);

new URL('file:///C:/path/').pathname;      // Incorrect: /C:/path/
fileURLToPath('file:///C:/path/');// Correct:   C:\path\ (Windows)

new URL('file://nas/foo.txt').pathname;    // Incorrect: /foo.txt
fileURLToPath('file://nas/foo.txt');       // Correct:   \\nas\foo.txt (Windows)

new URL('file:///你好.txt').pathname;      // Incorrect: /%E4%BD%A0%E5%A5%BD.txt
fileURLToPath('file:///你好.txt');// Correct:   /你好.txt (POSIX)

new URL('file:///hello world').pathname;   // Incorrect: /hello%20world
fileURLToPath('file:///hello world');      // Correct:   /hello world (POSIX)
@sincev10.12.0
@paramurl The file URL string or URL object to convert to a path.
@returnThe fully-resolved platform-specific Node.js file path.fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';

const const path: stringpath = function fileURLToPath(url: string | URL, options?: FileUrlToPathOptions): string
This function ensures the correct decodings of percent-encoded characters as
well as ensuring a cross-platform valid absolute path string.
import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';

const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);

new URL('file:///C:/path/').pathname;      // Incorrect: /C:/path/
fileURLToPath('file:///C:/path/');// Correct:   C:\path\ (Windows)

new URL('file://nas/foo.txt').pathname;    // Incorrect: /foo.txt
fileURLToPath('file://nas/foo.txt');       // Correct:   \\nas\foo.txt (Windows)

new URL('file:///你好.txt').pathname;      // Incorrect: /%E4%BD%A0%E5%A5%BD.txt
fileURLToPath('file:///你好.txt');// Correct:   /你好.txt (POSIX)

new URL('file:///hello world').pathname;   // Incorrect: /hello%20world
fileURLToPath('file:///hello world');      // Correct:   /hello world (POSIX)
@sincev10.12.0
@paramurl The file URL string or URL object to convert to a path.
@returnThe fully-resolved platform-specific Node.js file path.fileURLToPath(new 
new URL(input: string | {
    toString: () => string;
}, base?: string | URL): URL
Browser-compatible URL class, implemented by following the WHATWG URL
Standard. Examples of parsed URLs may be found in the Standard itself.
The URL class is also available on the global object.
In accordance with browser conventions, all properties of URL objects
are implemented as getters and setters on the class prototype, rather than as
data properties on the object itself. Thus, unlike legacy urlObjects,
using the delete keyword on any properties of URL objects (e.g. delete myURL.protocol, delete myURL.pathname, etc) has no effect but will still
return true.
@sincev7.0.0, v6.13.0URL('package.json', import.meta.ImportMeta.url: string
The absolute file: URL of the module.
url));
const const pkg: anypkg = var JSON: JSON
An intrinsic object that provides functions to convert JavaScript values to and from the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format.
JSON.JSON.parse(text: string, reviver?: (this: any, key: string, value: any) => any): any
Converts a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) string into an object.
@paramtext A valid JSON string.
@paramreviver A function that transforms the results. This function is called for each member of the object.
If a member contains nested objects, the nested objects are transformed before the parent object is.parse(
function readFileSync(path: PathOrFileDescriptor, options: {
    encoding: BufferEncoding;
    flag?: string | undefined;
} | BufferEncoding): string (+2 overloads)
Synchronously reads the entire contents of a file.
@parampath A path to a file. If a URL is provided, it must use the file: protocol.
If a file descriptor is provided, the underlying file will not be closed automatically.
@paramoptions Either the encoding for the result, or an object that contains the encoding and an optional flag.
If a flag is not provided, it defaults to 'r'.readFileSync(const path: stringpath, 'utf8'));

import { function onNavigate(callback: (navigation: import("@sveltejs/kit").OnNavigate) => MaybePromise<void | (() => void)>): void
A lifecycle function that runs the supplied callback immediately before we navigate to a new URL except during full-page navigations.
If you return a Promise, SvelteKit will wait for it to resolve before completing the navigation. This allows you to — for example — use document.startViewTransition. Avoid promises that are slow to resolve, since navigation will appear stalled to the user.
If a function (or a Promise that resolves to a function) is returned from the callback, it will be called once the DOM has updated.
onNavigate must be called during a component initialization. It remains active as long as the component is mounted.
onNavigate } from '$app/navigation';

function onNavigate(callback: (navigation: import("@sveltejs/kit").OnNavigate) => MaybePromise<void | (() => void)>): void
A lifecycle function that runs the supplied callback immediately before we navigate to a new URL except during full-page navigations.
If you return a Promise, SvelteKit will wait for it to resolve before completing the navigation. This allows you to — for example — use document.startViewTransition. Avoid promises that are slow to resolve, since navigation will appear stalled to the user.
If a function (or a Promise that resolves to a function) is returned from the callback, it will be called once the DOM has updated.
onNavigate must be called during a component initialization. It remains active as long as the component is mounted.
onNavigate((navigation: OnNavigatenavigation) => {
	if (!var document: Document
MDN Reference
document.startViewTransition) return;

	return new 
var Promise: PromiseConstructor
new <void | (() => void)>(executor: (resolve: (value: void | (() => void) | PromiseLike<void | (() => void)>) => void, reject: (reason?: any) => void) => void) => Promise<void | (() => void)>
Creates a new Promise.
@paramexecutor A callback used to initialize the promise. This callback is passed two arguments:
a resolve callback used to resolve the promise with a value or the result of another promise,
and a reject callback used to reject the promise with a provided reason or error.Promise((resolve: (value: void | (() => void) | PromiseLike<void | (() => void)>) => voidresolve) => {
		var document: Document
MDN Reference
document.startViewTransition(async () => {
			resolve: (value: void | (() => void) | PromiseLike<void | (() => void)>) => voidresolve();
			await navigation: OnNavigatenavigation.Navigation.complete: Promise<void>
A promise that resolves once the navigation is complete, and rejects if the navigation
fails or is aborted. In the case of a willUnload navigation, the promise will never resolve
complete;
		});
	});
});

import { const browser: boolean
true if the app is running in the browser.
browser } from '$app/environment';

if (const browser: boolean
true if the app is running in the browser.
browser) {
	// client-only code here
}

import { function onMount<T>(fn: () => NotFunction<T> | Promise<NotFunction<T>> | (() => any)): void
The onMount function schedules a callback to run as soon as the component has been mounted to the DOM.
It must be called during the component’s initialisation (but doesn’t need to live inside the component;
it can be called from an external module).
If a function is returned synchronously from onMount, it will be called when the component is unmounted.
onMount does not run inside a server-side component.
onMount } from 'svelte';

onMount<void>(fn: () => void | (() => any) | Promise<void>): void
The onMount function schedules a callback to run as soon as the component has been mounted to the DOM.
It must be called during the component’s initialisation (but doesn’t need to live inside the component;
it can be called from an external module).
If a function is returned synchronously from onMount, it will be called when the component is unmounted.
onMount does not run inside a server-side component.
onMount(async () => {
	const { const method: anymethod } = await import('some-browser-only-library');
	const method: anymethod('hello world');
});

import { function onMount<T>(fn: () => NotFunction<T> | Promise<NotFunction<T>> | (() => any)): void
The onMount function schedules a callback to run as soon as the component has been mounted to the DOM.
It must be called during the component’s initialisation (but doesn’t need to live inside the component;
it can be called from an external module).
If a function is returned synchronously from onMount, it will be called when the component is unmounted.
onMount does not run inside a server-side component.
onMount } from 'svelte';
import { module "some-browser-only-library"method } from 'some-browser-only-library';

onMount<void>(fn: () => void | (() => any) | Promise<void>): void
The onMount function schedules a callback to run as soon as the component has been mounted to the DOM.
It must be called during the component’s initialisation (but doesn’t need to live inside the component;
it can be called from an external module).
If a function is returned synchronously from onMount, it will be called when the component is unmounted.
onMount does not run inside a server-side component.
onMount(() => {
	module "some-browser-only-library"method('hello world');
});

<script>
	import { browser } from '$app/environment';

	const ComponentConstructor = browser ?
		import('some-browser-only-library').then((module) => module.Component) :
		new Promise(() => {});
</script>

{#await ComponentConstructor}
	<p>Loading...</p>
{:then component}
	<svelte:component this={component} />
{:catch error}
	<p>Something went wrong: {error.message}</p>
{/await}

/** @type {import('./$types').RequestHandler} */
export function 
function GET({ params, url }: {
    params: any;
    url: any;
}): Promise<Response>
@type{import('./$types').RequestHandler}GET({ params: anyparams, url: anyurl }) {
	return function fetch(input: string | URL | globalThis.Request, init?: RequestInit): Promise<Response> (+1 overload)
MDN Reference
fetch(`https://my-api-server.com/${params: anyparams.path + url: anyurl.search}`);
}

import type { 
type RequestHandler = (event: Kit.RequestEvent<Record<string, any>, string | null>) => MaybePromise<Response>
type RequestHandler = (event: Kit.RequestEvent<Record<string, any>, string | null>) => MaybePromise<Response>RequestHandler } from './$types';

export const const GET: RequestHandlerGET: 
type RequestHandler = (event: Kit.RequestEvent<Record<string, any>, string | null>) => MaybePromise<Response>
type RequestHandler = (event: Kit.RequestEvent<Record<string, any>, string | null>) => MaybePromise<Response>RequestHandler = ({ params: Record<string, any>
The parameters of the current route - e.g. for a route like /blog/[slug], a { slug: string } object
params, url: URL
The requested URL.
url }) => {
	return function fetch(input: string | URL | globalThis.Request, init?: RequestInit): Promise<Response> (+1 overload)
MDN Reference
fetch(`https://my-api-server.com/${params: Record<string, any>
The parameters of the current route - e.g. for a route like /blog/[slug], a { slug: string } object
params.path + url: URL
The requested URL.
url.URL.search: string
MDN Reference
search}`);
};

import { module "@sveltejs/kit/vite"sveltekit } from '@sveltejs/kit/vite';

/** @type {import('vite').Plugin} */
const const myPlugin: Plugin<any>
@type{import('vite').Plugin}myPlugin = {
	OutputPlugin.name: stringname: 'log-request-middleware',
	Plugin<any>.configureServer?: ObjectHook<ServerHook> | undefined
Configure the vite server. The hook receives the 
{@link 
ViteDevServer
}
instance. This can also be used to store a reference to the server
for use in other hooks.
The hooks will be called before internal middlewares are applied. A hook
can return a post hook that will be called after internal middlewares
are applied. Hook can be async functions and will be called in series.
configureServer(server: ViteDevServerserver) {
		server: ViteDevServerserver.ViteDevServer.middlewares: Connect.Server
A connect app instance.

Can be used to attach custom middlewares to the dev server.
Can also be used as the handler function of a custom http server
or as a middleware in any connect-style Node.js frameworks

https://github.com/senchalabs/connect#use-middleware
middlewares.Connect.Server.use(fn: Connect.NextHandleFunction): Connect.Server (+3 overloads)
Utilize the given middleware handle to the given route,
defaulting to /. This “route” is the mount-point for the
middleware, when given a value other than / the middleware
is only effective when that segment is present in the request’s
pathname.
For example if we were to mount a function at /admin, it would
be invoked on /admin, and /admin/settings, however it would
not be invoked for /, or /posts.
use((req: Connect.IncomingMessagereq, res: ServerResponse<IncomingMessage>res, next: Connect.NextFunctionnext) => {
			var console: Console
The console module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.
The module exports two specific components:

A Console class with methods such as console.log(), console.error() and console.warn() that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
A global console instance configured to write to process.stdout and
process.stderr. The global console can be used without calling require('console').

Warning: The global console object’s methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the note on process I/O for
more information.
Example using the global console:
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
Example using the Console class:
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
@seesourceconsole.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+1 overload)
Prints to stdout with newline. Multiple arguments can be passed, with the
first used as the primary message and all additional used as substitution
values similar to printf(3)
(the arguments are all passed to util.format()).
const count = 5;
console.log('count: %d', count);
// Prints: count: 5, to stdout
console.log('count:', count);
// Prints: count: 5, to stdout
See util.format() for more information.
@sincev0.1.100log(`Got request ${req: Connect.IncomingMessagereq.IncomingMessage.url?: string | undefined
Only valid for request obtained from 
{@link 
Server
}
.
Request URL string. This contains only the URL that is present in the actual
HTTP request. Take the following request:
GET /status?name=ryan HTTP/1.1
Accept: text/plain
To parse the URL into its parts:
new URL(`http://${process.env.HOST ?? 'localhost'}${request.url}`);
When request.url is '/status?name=ryan' and process.env.HOST is undefined:
$ node
> new URL(`http://${process.env.HOST ?? 'localhost'}${request.url}`);
URL {
  href: 'http://localhost/status?name=ryan',
  origin: 'http://localhost',
  protocol: 'http:',
  username: '',
  password: '',
  host: 'localhost',
  hostname: 'localhost',
  port: '',
  pathname: '/status',
  search: '?name=ryan',
  searchParams: URLSearchParams { 'name' => 'ryan' },
  hash: ''
}
Ensure that you set process.env.HOST to the server’s host name, or consider replacing this part entirely. If using req.headers.host, ensure proper
validation is used, as clients may specify a custom Host header.
@sincev0.1.90url}`);
			next: (err?: any) => voidnext();
		});
	}
};

/** @type {import('vite').UserConfig} */
const const config: UserConfig
@type{import('vite').UserConfig}config = {
	UserConfig.plugins?: PluginOption[] | undefined
Array of vite plugins to use.
plugins: [const myPlugin: Plugin<any>
@type{import('vite').Plugin}myPlugin, module "@sveltejs/kit/vite"sveltekit()]
};

export default const config: UserConfig
@type{import('vite').UserConfig}config;

yarn create svelte myapp
cd myapp

yarn set version berry
yarn install

nodeLinker: node-modules